The Biology and Clinical Spectrum of Herpes Simplex Virus: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives"
Keywords:
Herpes simplex virus; immunity; latency ; neonatal infection; pathogenesis; virulence,Abstract
The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common human virus that has significant effects on world health. The present understanding of HSV is summarized in this review, which focuses on the virus’s molecular subtleties, clinical manifestations, diagnostic techniques, and treatment approaches. The first section of the review delves into the categorization and epidemiology of HSV-1 HSV-2, laying the groundwork for an examination of their corresponding clinical symptoms. Examining the structure, replication cycle, and complex interactions between HSV and host cells, the paper delves into the molecular biology of the virus. The intricacies of viral latency, reactivation triggers, and the interaction of the virus with the host immune system are highlighted. HSV has evolved defense mechanisms to elude the intrinsic, innate, and adaptive immune responses, which are essential for maintaining control over the virus. Human genetic polymorphisms contribute to the explanation of why some people are more likely than others to experience severe illness following HSV infection. The accuracy and clinical significance of several diagnostic procedures, including advanced imaging techniques, serological assays, and conventional laboratory testing, are assessed critically.
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