On the history of the formation and development of the Soviet maternal and child welfare system in the Buryat-Mongol ASSR: 1923‒1933

Authors

  • Sergey D. Batoev FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia (Sechenov University) 8 Trubetskaya St., building 2, Moscow 119991, Russia Author

Keywords:

history of regional public health, medical care in the Buryat-Mongol ASSR, maternal and child welfare, women’s and children’s health centres, children’s preventive outpatient clinic

Abstract


This article examines key points in the formation of the Soviet maternal and child welfare system in the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1923‒1933, which preserved and advanced the pre-revolution basic principles of healthcare delivery. In the early 1920s, the high maternal and child mortality rate persisting in this region remained a pressing problem. Its resolution was one of the priority tasks facing both central and local Soviet authorities. To this end, measures were swiftly implemented to train medical personnel and set up a high-quality inpatient base, primarily in urban areas. By the end of the 1920s, following the creation of the first children’s unit at the regional hospital and the first women’s and children’s outpatient clinics in Verkhneudinsk,the primary focus had turned to maternal and child welfare in the rural areas. The shortage of medical personnel and  medical  institutions  remained  the  biggest  challenge.  The  key  to  the  success  of  the  first  organisational  and medical measures of the new public health system was the effective changes in the traditional way of life of the rural population of the republic, aimed at improving their lives, and the introduction of a standardised maternal and child welfare system while preserving regional peculiarities. The legal, organisational and medical process of creating a maternal and child welfare system in urban areas was completed in the first ten years of Soviet rule in the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The next task was to expand and consolidate the maternal and child welfare system in rural areas.

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Published

2021-02-28

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How to Cite

D. Batoev, S. (2021). On the history of the formation and development of the Soviet maternal and child welfare system in the Buryat-Mongol ASSR: 1923‒1933. History of Medicine, 7(1). https://historymedjournal.com/HOM/index.php/medicine/article/view/268