Anamnesis morbi or anamnesis tubi? On the issue of the methods and methodology of the history of medicine research

Authors

  • Dmitry A. Balalykin FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia (Sechenov University) 8 Trubetskaya St., building 2, Moscow 119991, Russia Author

Keywords:

history of medicine, philosophy and history of science, methodology, interdisciplinary research, endoscopic surgery of the abdominal organs

Abstract

The methodology of the history of medicine forms the foundations of historical knowledge and helps develop a substantiated system of historical ideas to explain the circumstances surrounding the origin, formation and development of fundamental and  clinical  disciplines.  The  history  of  any  medical  field  (including  medical  specialties)  can  be  examined  from  two viewpoints:  as  a  reconstruction  of  the  development  of  disease  treatment  methods,  implying  the  understanding  of  the evolution of the ideas of their etiology and pathogenesis, or as a chronicle of technical manipulations that is determined by procedures and priorities. In the opinion of the author of the article, it is methodologically correct to concentrate on the history of approaches to curing the various diseases and disease groups and not on the history of the specific therapeutic or diagnostic methods. Historians must aspire to identify the rules of the ontology of the development of the various fields in clinical medicine.
The formulation of the problem of the methodology of historical knowledge anticipates a conclusion made from scientific discussions on an interdisciplinary and even a meta-disciplinary level. The principal idea is that every science, by turning to  a  particular  object  in  its  search  for  information,  in  accordance  with  its  research  object  could  base  the  reliability  of  the data obtained on other criteria. Such a situation offers the possibility of dialogue between sciences according to the principle of  complementarity,  which  would  help  reach  a  new  level  of  understanding  of  the  integrity  of  the  research  object  and  the limits of the accuracy of knowledge. The medical historian needs special medical knowledge to understand the essence of the phenomena he is studying and for historical reconstruction he needs to know the methods of historical science and the relevant humanitarian disciplines.

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2017-04-30

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How to Cite

A. Balalykin, D. (2017). Anamnesis morbi or anamnesis tubi? On the issue of the methods and methodology of the history of medicine research. History of Medicine, 4(2). https://historymedjournal.com/HOM/index.php/medicine/article/view/164