Materials are presented on the work of P.P. Belousov – a representative of the sanitary-hygienic medical field in Russia at the end of the 19th century, the first sanitary doctor of Tula, and a student of F.F. Erisman. Tula’s unsatisfactory sanitary condition at that time was largely due to the fact that this city was an industrial center and it housed a large number of factories. The author shows how Belousov’s work dealt with various monitoring issues in housing and communal services, food hygiene, school sanitation and veterinary spheres.