This paper explores the impact of climate change on medicinal plants and the subsequent effects on pharmacognosy. Medicinal plants are critical to both traditional and modern medicine, providing essential bioactive compounds. Climate change affects their growth, distribution, and chemical composition through changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, increased CO2 levels, and extreme weather events. Case studies on ginseng, Echinacea, and Artemisia illustrate these impacts. The paper also discusses conservation efforts, including in situ and ex situ strategies, sustainable agriculture practices, and the development of climate-resilient varieties. Future research directions emphasize the importance of integrating scientific advancements with traditional knowledge to ensure the sustainability and efficacy of medicinal plants.