Background: The association between oral diseases and kidney diseases are not satisfactorily reported in population of Basrah city in Iraq. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the oral health of patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis with systemically healthy individuals. Materials and methods: Study of 100 subjects, 50 patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis who were referred from hemodialysis Clinic at Basrah Nephrology and Transplantation Center and 50 patients without chronic kidney disease who consult the dental clinic (control group). Oral health assessment includes two parts: index for dental caries (DMFT index), and index for periodontal health (CPI). Results: Results illustrate that periodontal disease was more sever in patients with CKD, this difference between two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Regarding the caries incidence, (DMFT) mean value in CKD group (4.48) was lower than in controlled (8.42) but no statistically significant difference was found (P> 0.05).