The Crimean War has been considered as one of the fi rst World Wars because of the number of great empires and the diversity of the troops involved. Each empire, such as the Russians, the Ottomans, the British and the French, mobilized soldiers from various ethnic groups. Unfortunately also famous for the number of casualties, this war marked also on each side a better understanding of medical needs on the battlefi eld, as well as of the care of the wounded in the hospitals