The addition of the history of medicine to teaching aims to develop scientific education and instill in students the understanding that scientific knowledge is not immutable but dynamic, being influenced by social, economic and political factors. However, the history of medicine is rarely used by teachers, and one of the main problems is the scarcity of materials. In this article, we present some didactic resources, appropriate for the classroom, about two recognized Portuguese doctors of the sixteenth century, Amato Lusitano (1511–1568) and Garcia de Orta (1501–1568).