Background Calcium is required for bone metabolism as well as other crucial biological activities such as the transmission of nerve impulses, coagulation of blood, cell communication, and muscle contraction. Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion depend on calcium homeostasis is maintained. Since the initiation of insulin exocytosis from Beta-cells requires Ca+2 inflow via voltage-operated Ca+2 channels, changes in Ca+2 concentrations may influence insulin secretion. Methods This was a cross-sectional study done in the Basra governorate of Iraq.