Advancements in Minimally Invasive and Bioactive Approaches for Early Caries Detection and Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48047/HM.11.1.2025.73-86Keywords:
Minimally invasive dentistry, caries detection, remineralization, bioactive materials.Abstract
Abstract
Background
Minimally invasive dentistry focuses on non-invasive and bioactive approaches for managing dental caries. Advances in early caries detection and remineralization technologies have shifted the focus from traditional restorations to preventive strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing minimally invasive and bioactive approaches with conventional treatments. Primary outcomes assessed included caries arrest, lesion remineralization, and pain reduction. Statistical analysis was performed using a random-effects model, and study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and GRADE framework.
Results
Eight RCTs with 1,020 participants were analyzed. Minimally invasive treatments significantly improved caries arrest (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.5–2.9, p < 0.01) and lesion remineralization (MD = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.8–1.6, p = 0.02) compared to conventional methods. Pain reduction was also observed (RR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60–0.90, p = 0.05). Heterogeneity was low to moderate (I² = 25–40%), ensuring consistency across studies.
Conclusions
Minimally invasive and bioactive approaches, including silver diamine fluoride (SDF), Hall Technique, and resin infiltration, offer effective and clinically significant improvements in caries management. These strategies reduce the need for invasive restorative treatments while enhancing tooth remineralization. However, long-term studies are needed to validate their effectiveness across broader populations.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Mahrukh Anees, Zahra Masud, Areej Zafar, Dr Anbreen zehra, Dr Azeem Hussain Soomro, Inaya Junaid (Author)
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