Innovations in Brain Surgery: A Qualitative Analysis of the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Surgical Procedures
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48047/HM.08.1.2022.578-592Keywords:
Artificial intelligence, neurosurgery, surgical practices, robotics systemAbstract
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and root-assisted techniques have increasingly been utilized in the field of neurosurgery due to their promising nature of accuracy, precision, and minimally invasive approach. The integration of AI and robotics has been revolutionizing surgical practices by impacting the patient’s quality of life and improving performance in neurosurgical procedures. Objective: This literature review aims to explore the impact of AI and robotic systems on patient outcomes, surgical safety, and operational performance in neurosurgery. Methodology: This systemic literature review utilized PRISMA guidelines and keyword search strategy in databases such as SpringerLink, Science Direct, and Google Scholar and identified 12 studies from the last 5 years (2019-2024). The eligibility of articles was based on the PEO framework, focusing on outcomes like neurological recovery, functional outcomes, complications, and quality of life. Results: Thematic analysis revealed a significant impact of AI and robotic-assisted systems on neurological recovery, including shorter extubation times, reduced mortality, and lower complication rates among patients with neurological disorders. Moreover, enhanced functional outcomes, patient independence, and operational efficiency were highlighted along with the increases in surgical precision and reductions in infection risks for patients undergoing various neurosurgical procedures. Conclusion: Despite the growing benefits, the integration poses significant challenges in terms of limited accessibility, high cost, and variability in long-term outcomes, and the potential for bias in AI models underscores the need for more comprehensive research.
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