Suicidal Ideation and Resilience in Individuals Experiencing Depression With and Without Childhood Adversities
Keywords:
Suicidal ideation, resilience, childhood adversities, depression, gender differences, childhood adversities, mental health, trauma, intervention.Abstract
Background: For those diagnosed with depression, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are very harmful traumatic events that can affect mental wellness. Psychologists have previously demonstrated a firm relationship between childhood aversions, suicidal ideation, and decreased resilience. The purpose of this study was to determine what relationship there is between children at risk of suicide ideation, ACEs, and resilience while focusing on gender differences and the connection between childhood adversities.
Method: One hundred and fifty participants (75 male, 75 female) were included in the study, diagnosed with depression, 25 to 45 years old (M = 34.02, SD = 5.51). From Lahore hospitals, staff participated in the study and were assessed for childhood adversities, depression, suicidal ideation, and resilience. The instruments used consisted of a Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC), a Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), a Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and a Suicide Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS). Independent sample t-tests were calculated to determine the differences in suicidal ideation and resilience by childhood adversity and by gender.
Results: Analysis of the data revealed that individuals with a history of childhood adversities rated significantly higher on ratings of suicidal ideation (M = 42.54, SD = 2.61 vs. M = 41.33, SD = 2.87; t (148) = 2.39, p < .05). Individuals who had childhood adversities also had significantly lower resilience levels (M = 21.18, SD = 4.14) than those without (M = 19.04, SD = 2.66), t (148) = 3.77, p .05. Similar to other studies, we find that gender differences exist for suicidal ideation but not resilience.
Conclusion: The results demonstrate that exposure to adverse childhood experiences might play a significant role in influencing the risk of suicidal ideation, particularly in people with depression. Importantly, these results suggest that trauma experienced in childhood should be addressed in psychological treatments for depression. Further research is needed to develop a strategy for the prevention of suicidal ideation based on gender differences.
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