The late 19th and the early 20th century showed the development of new scientific views and approaches to the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses. The need arose to create and introduce new medical institutions for the provision of assistance to the mental health patients. On the one hand, it was necessary to isolate the mental health patients who could pose a danger to themselves and others, and on the other hand, the institutions needed for this not only had to provide conditions generally approaching a regular life for the most of the patients, be effective for treatment and economically justified, but also had to follow a human mental health patients principle in their attitude towards the mental health patients