Efficacy of Instructional Platform Regarding Prevention of Retinopathy on Type II Diabetic Patient's Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice

Abstract

Background: DR is a serious complication of diabetes that results in irreversible blindness and is one of the most leading causes of visual impairment and blindness. Appropriate interventions and self-care measures can interrupt or stop the resulting vision loss. The study aim: Evaluate efficacy of instructional platform regarding prevention of retinopathy on type II diabetic patient's knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP). Study design & setting: A quasi-experimental design (pre-post and follow-up) was used to conduct this study. This study was conducted in the medical outpatient department of a private hospital at Jedda City. Sample: A purposive sample of 120 patients with type II diabetes were included. Tools: The efficacy of instructional platform regarding prevention of retinopathy evaluated by using two tools for data collection at pre, post, and follow-up stages. The first tool was structured interview questionnaire to assess sociodemographic data. The second tool contains three-part to assess patients' KAP regarding prevention of retinopathy. After the instructional platform was implemented in 3 training sessions, data collection was repeated immediately and 3 months later and HbA1C was retested. Results: A highly significant improvements in the patients' level of KAP about retinopathy prevention post- instructional platform implementation compared to pre- instructional platform implementation with p= (0.001). Furthermore, there was a highly significant correlation between patients’ knowledge, Attitude, and Practice regarding prevention of retinopathy with p= (0.001). Finally, a significant positive correlation was found between patients’ KAP regarding retinopathy prevention and all components of sociodemographic characteristics at p = (0.001) except the duration of DM. Conclusion: The implementation of instructional platform for type II diabetic patients revealed a significant improvement in the patients' level of KAP about retinopathy prevention post- instructional platform implementation compared to pre- instructional platform implementation. Recommendations: Efforts should be made to design and implement an appropriate educational platform to expand patient education approaches and KAP of patients with type II diabetes.