Mikhail A. Vedeshkin^{a, b, c
a}FSBEI HE PRMU MOH Russia
Minin & Pozharsky Sq., 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
^bInstitute for Social Sciences of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
82/2 Vernadskogo Av., Moscow 119571, Russia
^cCentre for Intellectual History, Institute of World History of Russian Academy of Sciences
32a Leninsky Av., Moscow 119334, Russia

An analysis of the social and political status of physicians in the late Roman Empire is presented. The article examines the evolution of perceptions of the social standing of physicians from the late Republic to the Late Antiquity. The work sheds light on the financial and legal status of physicians and their families, the peculiarities of the professional training of medical personnel (special attention is paid to the Alexandrian School), the organisation of the health system in provincial and capital cities of the Roman Empire, the ties between members of the medical community and the capital and provincial elite in the empire. Close attention is paid to the work of the corporations of municipal and court archiaters, their social status, professional and personal ties with emperors, participation in governance and diplomatic activities. Using the example of a wide range of sources, including late Roman legislation, epigraphic monuments, oral tradition and epistolary evidence, based on modern ideas about bioethics as a science, the author makes an argument for the theory of considerable consolidation of the status of late Roman physicians compared to the status of their counterparts in the late Republic and the Principate.

Keywords: history of medicine, bioethics, late Roman Empire, Late Antiquity, social status of a physicians