History of Medicine

History

An Open Access Journal

Moscow exile (1921–1923) in the life and activities of prominent surgeon S.P. Fyodorov

M.N. Kozovenko

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

The article presents archival materials from the investigative case by the All-Russia Extraordinary Commission of the Council of People’s Commissars of the RSFSR, relating to the charges against Petrograd Professor S.P. Fyodorov of counterrevolutionary actions – spying for foreign countries (1920‒1921) – and his punishment in the form of a two-year “ban” from Petrograd (1921‒1923). During these years, S.P. Fyodorov lived and worked in Moscow. The distinctive aspects of the prominent surgeon’s surgical, scientific and social activities during his period in Moscow are investigated. Emphasis is placed on the importance of several appeals in the defense of Fyodorov by members of Russian and German surgeons’ societies, as well as the people’s commissar of health of the RSFSR, N. A. Semashko, thanks to which the threatened imprisonment of Fyodorov was commuted to exile in Moscow.

Keywords: S.P. Fyodorov, Russian Extraordinary Commission, the Council of People’s Commissars of the Military Medical Academy, Russian emigration, Pirogov Russian Surgical Society, the People’s Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR

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