Pregnancy-Related Hypertension Problems Are a Major Risk Factor for Developing Cardiovascular Disease Later in Life.
Muhammad Hashim Kalwar, Associate Professor of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Sukkur Pakistan.
Ahmed Noor, Program Director Post-Graduate Training Cardiology, Indus Hospital Karachi Pakistan.
Iram Jehan Balouch, Associate Professor of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Hyderabad Pakistan.
Samir Rehman, Advanced Imaging Fellow, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Karachi Pakistan.
Sarfraz Hussain Sahito, Assistant Professor of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Khairpur Pakistan.
Ghulam Abbas Shaikh, Assistant Professor of Cardiology, Civil Hospital Dow University Karachi Pakistan.
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy-related hypertension disorders are a major global health concern, affecting approximately 5% to 10% of pregnancies. Compared to women without similar troubles, those with these diseases had a higher chance of developing cardiovascular disease later on. Preeclampsia is distinct among these conditions as the most severe kind. Preeclampsia and gestational hypertension are known to influence maternal morbidity and mortality. According to a World Health Organization survey between 2004 and 2008, hypertensive pregnancy problems were reported at 2.7%. A total of 2.2% of cases in this report were linked to preeclampsia, 0.3% to gestational hypertension, and eclampsia. Objective: To assess the relationship between hypertensive disorders during pregnancy and cardiovascular diseases. Study design: A case control study. Place and Duration: This study was conducted in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Sukkur from July 2022 to July 2023. Methodology: All the participants in this research were pregnant women who were diagnosed with arteriosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. All of the participants’ data was obtained, including their name, age, date of birth, mobile number, etc. The participants of this study were aged from 18 to 40 years. In order to compare gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia in the case and control groups, we used SPSS version 23.0. Four different crude and logistic regression models were used to show how pregnancy-related hypertension problems and cardiovascular disease are related. Results: A total of 600 patients were involved in this research. Overall, 396 (66%) of the participants were controlled, and 204 (34%) were categorized into cases. The controls were more educated than the case groups. There was no statistical difference found in terms of multiple pregnancies, family history of cardiovascular diseases, or smoking. The results for hypertension problems during pregnancy were quite similar in the case and control groups. The case group showed high gestational hypertension, whereas preeclampsia was highly observed in the control group. Conclusion: There is a link between the risk of cardiovascular diseases and gestational hypertension.
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