The Pokrovskaya (Novoladozhskaya) Society of Russian Red Cross Rural Nurses in the service of zemstvo medicine in the late 19th to early 20th centuries

Authors

  • Igor V. Karpenko FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia (Sechenov University) 8 Trubetskaya St., building 2, Moscow 119991, Russia Author
  • Dmitry V. Gavryuchenkov FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia (Sechenov University) 8 Trubetskaya St., building 2, Moscow 119991, Russia Author
  • Maria S. Sergeeva FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia (Sechenov University) 8 Trubetskaya St., building 2, Moscow 119991, Russia Author
  • Galina N. Volovchenko FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First MSMU MOH Russia (Sechenov University) 8 Trubetskaya St., building 2, Moscow 119991, Russia Author

Keywords:

history of medicine, nurses, rural communities, Russian Red Cross Society, zemstvo medicine, epidemics, charity

Abstract

 The article deals with the activities of the Pokrovskaya (Novoladozhskaya) rural society of nurses in Russia at the turn of the 19th to 20th centuries. The beginning of nursing societies can be traced to 1844, when the first Holy Trinity Sisters of Mercy Society was established in St. Petersburg. Similar nursing societies appeared in almost every provincial city in Russia during the second half of the 19th century. Sisters of Mercy worked in hospitals, almshouses and shelters and regularly traveled to epidemic-prone regions. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were 115 nursing societies in Russia. Their work has always attracted the interest of historians and doctors. In 1879, Doctor of Medicine P.A. Ilinsky in his work “Russian women in the war of 1877–1878. An essay on the activities of nurses, medical assistants and women doctors” described in detail the heroic work of the nurses in caring for the wounded soldiers during the Russian-Turkish (Balkan) War of 1877–1878. Many academic articles, monographs and dissertations have been devoted to this topic in recent times, reflecting in detail both the domestic life and the professional activity of the Sisters of Mercy. At the same time, the rural nursing societies have received hardly any historical and historiographic analysis. Based on one example – the Emperor Alexander III Memorial Pokrovskaya (Novoladozhskaya) Society of Red Cross Rural Nurses – the role and importance of this community in the development of zemstvo medicine at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries are examined. The society’s activities are addressed, as are the reasons for which such rural communities of nurses could not become widespread in tsarist Russia. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Chizh I.M, Karpenko I.V. Serdobol’nye vdovy v

Krymskuyu vojnu [Compassionate widows in the

Crimean War]. Medicinskaya sestra [The Nurse]. 2016;

: 52–53. (In Russ.)

Pirogov N.I. Voenno-vrachebnoe delo i chastnaya

pomoshch’ na teatre vojny v Bolgarii i v tylu dejstvuyushchej

armii 1877–1878 gg. [Military medicine and private

assistance in the theater of war in Bulgaria and in the rear of the active army of 1877–1878.]. Saint Petersburg,

12 p. (In Russ.)

Ivashov N.N. Sestry miloserdiya v russkoj armii [Sisters

of Mercy in the Russian Army]. Voenno-medicinskij

zhurnal [Military Medical Journal]. 1945; 12: 46–50.

(In Russ.)

Posternak A.V. Ocherki istorii obshchin sester miloserdiya

[Essays on the history of the communities of nurses].

Moscow: Svyato-Dmitrievskoe uchilishche sester

miloserdiya, 2001. 304 p. (In Russ.)

Ilinskiy P.A. Russkaya zhenshchina v vojnu 1877‒1878 gg.

Ocherk deyatel’nosti sester miloserdiya, fel’dsheric i

zhenshchin vrachej [Russian woman in the war of 1877–

A sketch of the activities of nurses, medical assistants

and women doctors]. Saint Petersburg, 1878. (In Russ.)

Kozlovtsev E.N. Moskovskie obshchiny sester miloserdiya

v 19 – nachale 20 stoletiya [Moscow communities of nurses

in the 19th and early 20th centuries]. Moscow, 2008.

(In Russ.)

Karpycheva L.A. Obshchina sel’skih sester miloserdiya

pod nazvaniem «Marii Magdaliny» [A community

of rural nurses called “Mary Magdalene”]. Access

mode: www.omophor.ru/articles/obshchina-selskihsester-miloserdiya-pod-nazvaniem-marii-magdaliny.

(In Russ.)

Lorchenko K.N. V kakoj shkole nuzhdaetsya

krest’yanskaya sem’ya dlya uluchsheniya svoego byta

[What school does the peasant family need to improve their

life]. Saint Petersburg: Sinodal’naya tipografiya, 1897.

p. (In Russ.)

Petrovskij A.S. Derevenskie sestry miloserdiya. Opyt

obrazovaniya iz krest’yanskih devushek sester miloserdiya

dlya potrebnostej derevenskogo naseleniya [Village sisters

of mercy. The experience of forming sisters of mercy from

peasant girls for the needs of the rural population]. Saint

Petersburg, 1893. 16 p. (In Russ.)

Zemskoe samoupravlenie v Rossii, 1864–1918: v 2 kn.

[Zemsky self-government in Russia, 1864–1918: in 2

books]. Edited by N.G. Koroleva. Book 2: 1905–1918.

Moscow: Nauka, 2005, 384 p. (In Russ.)

Spisok sester miloserdiya Rossij skogo obshchestva

Krasnogo Kresta, naznachennyh dlya uhoda za ranenymi

i bol’nymi voinami v lechebnye uchrezhdeniya Krasnogo

Kresta, Voennogo vedomstva, obshchestvennyh organizacij

i chastnyh lic [List of sisters of mercy of the Russian Red

Cross Society, appointed to care for wounded and sick

soldiers in the medical institutions of the Red Cross,

the Military Department, public organizations and

individuals]. Petrograd: Gosudarstvennaya tipografiya,

924 p. (In Russ.)

Morozova N. O Pokrovskoj obshchine sel’skih sester

miloserdiya [About the Pokrovskaya community of rural

nurses of mercy]. Volhovskie ogni [Volkhov lights]. 2015.

Access mode: http://volhovogni.ru/article/76175.

Deryuzhinskij V.F. Zametki ob obshchestvennom prizrenii

[Notes on public charity]. Moscow, 1897. 115 p. (In Russ.)

Potencial i puti razvitiya filantropii v Rossii [Potential and

ways of development of philanthropy in Russia]. Edited by

I.V. Mersiyanova, L.I. Yakobson. Moscow: GU VSHE,

419 p. (In Russ.)

Kozlovtsev E.N. Moskovskie obshchiny sester miloserdiya

v 19 – nachale 20 veka [Moscow communities of sisters of

mercy in the 19th – early 20th century]. Moscow, 2010.

p. (In Russ.)

Ovchinnikova M.B. E.M. Bakunina. Podvig miloserdiya

[E.M. Bakunina. Feat of Mercy]. Pervyj gospital’ i

voennaya medicina Rossii [The First Hospital and Military

Medicine of Russia]. Vol. 1. Book 2. Moscow: EhkoPress, 2011. 743 p. (In Russ.)

Kolesnikova L.P., Ajdasheva G.A. Iz istorii obshchiny

sester miloserdiya «Utoli moya pechali» [From the

history of the community of the sisters of mercy “Wipe

My Sorrows”’]. Pervyj gospital’ i voennaya medicina

Rossii [The First Hospital and Military Medicine of

Russia]. Vol. 1. Book 2. Moscow: Ehko-Press, 2011.

p. (In Russ.)

Dzhurinskaya L.F. Pamyati Yulii Vrevskoj [In memory

of Julia Vrevskaya]. Medicinskaya sestra [The nurse].

; 2: 44–45. (In Russ.)

Zemskoe samoupravlenie v Rossii, 1864–1918: v 2 kn.

[Zemsky self-government in Russia, 1864-1918: in 2

books]. Edited by N.G. Koroleva. Book 1: 1864–1904.

Moscow: Nauka, 2005, 428 p. (In Russ.)

Blagotvoritel’nost’ v Rossii i gosudarstvennaya politika

[Charity in Russia and public policy]. Moscow: Nauchnyj

ehkspert, 2013. 224 p. (In Russ.)

Downloads

Published

2018-04-30

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

V. Karpenko, I., V. Gavryuchenkov, D., S. Sergeeva, M., & N. Volovchenko, G. (2018). The Pokrovskaya (Novoladozhskaya) Society of Russian Red Cross Rural Nurses in the service of zemstvo medicine in the late 19th to early 20th centuries. History of Medicine, 5(2). https://historymedjournal.com/HOM/index.php/medicine/article/view/207